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Fred James Cook (March 8, 1911 – April 4, 2003) was an American investigative journalist whose prime years of reporting spanned from the 1950s to the late 1970s. His 1964 exposé, ''The FBI Nobody Knows,'' was central to the plot of one of Rex Stout's most popular Nero Wolfe novels, ''The Doorbell Rang'' (1965). ==Career== Cook was born in Point Pleasant, New Jersey, and grew up in a house on Bay Avenue near the border with Bay Head. On his mother’s side, he was descended from an old New Jersey family, the Comptons. He graduated from Rutgers University in 1932.〔Cook, Fred J. ''Maverick: Fifty Years of Investigative Reporting''. Putnam: 1984.〕 Cook began his career in journalism at the ''Asbury Park Press'' in New Jersey.〔(Fred J. Cook, journalist, questioned theory on JFK death. Obituary, Star-Ledger, The (Newark, NJ) - April 7, 2003. )〕 He later wrote for the ''New York World-Telegram'', focusing on crime reporting. He uncovered the confession of John Francis Roche in the murder case of Navy sailor Edward S. Bates, which freed Paul A. Pfeffer, who had been convicted of the murder.〔Cook, Fred J. "Capital Punishment: Does it Prevent Crime?" ''The Nation,'' 10 March 1956.〕 While editor of the weekly ''New Jersey Courier'' in Lakewood, New Jersey, he covered the 1937 Hindenburg disaster.〔(“Cook was classic old-time journalist “Ocean County Observer (Toms River, NJ) April 27, 2003 ) 〕 Having witnessed the airship flying overhead at Toms River, New Jersey, he first wrote about its anticipated safe arrival at the Lakehurst Naval Air Station, then had to quickly rewrite the story after getting to the crash site while the ship was still in flames. A few hundred copies of the earlier edition, with the wrong story, were already on their way to news stands, "so I knew I had to collar them and get them back," Cook said.〔(Moore, Kirk. “OH, THE HUMANITY': On May 6, 1937, world's largest aircraft burst into flames at Lakehurst, killing 36. Asbury Park Press (Neptune, NJ) May 5, 2002 )〕 Though conservative in many respects, Cook wrote a number of articles for ''The Nation'' magazine, together with his longtime ''World-Telegram'' collaborator, Gene Gleason, and took positions usually identified with the left. For instance, he opposed the death penalty, taking the position that it was cruel and didn't deter crime. He was also highly critical of the FBI, the CIA, and the Alger Hiss perjury conviction, as well as oil companies and defense contractors. His writing made him the target of FBI investigations against him.〔Cook, Fred J. "On Being an Enemy of the FBI". ''The Nation,'' 22 March 1986.〕 Cook's 1964 book, ''Goldwater: Extremist on the Right,'' initiated a series of events which in the end led to the Supreme Court decision in what is known as the ''Red Lion'' case: After the book appeared, Cook was attacked by conservative evangelist Billy James Hargis on his daily ''Christian Crusade'' radio broadcast, on WGCB in Red Lion, Pennsylvania. Cook sued, arguing that under the FCC's Fairness Doctrine he was entitled to free air time to respond to the attack. Red Lion Broadcasting challenged the constitutionality of the doctrine, and the case went to the Supreme Court in 1969, with the Court ruling unanimously that the Fairness Doctrine was constitutional.〔Lavietes, Stuart. (“Fred J. Cook, 92, the Author of 45 Books, Many Exposes”, ) ''New York Times'' obituary, p.54, May 4, 2003〕〔Joyce, Tom. ("His call for a reply set up historic broadcast ruling. Fred J. Cook, whose book was attacked on Red Lion radio station WGCB in 1964, died recently at age 92." ) ''York Daily Record'' (PA), May 6, 2003〕 In 1968, Cook signed the “Writers and Editors War Tax Protest” pledge, vowing to refuse tax payments in protest against the Vietnam War.〔“Writers and Editors War Tax Protest” January 30, 1968 ''New York Post''〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fred J. Cook」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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